Pimp my English | Can vs. may

By Anna Malczyk

You may remember your school English teacher preaching about the difference between starting a question with “can” or “may”. The distinction is important because it helps make your meaning clearer – which is the goal of good communication!

Can
The word “can” indicates the possibility of an action – either it can be done, or it can’t. Use “can” when you are looking for the answer to the question “is it possible?”

•    Can you fit my luggage into your boot?
•    Can you speak Chinese?
•    Can a plane fly higher than 10,000m?

May
The word “may” indicates the permission for an action – whether you are allowed to do it or not. Use “may” when you want to know, “Is it permitted?”

•    May I leave an hour early?
•    May we join you at the movies?
•    May you teach me how to drive?

Being specific
In everyday speech, we tend to use “can” for both of these meanings, which is okay in most cases. But imagine someone asks you:

•    Can you drive your dad’s car?

Are they asking whether you are able to drive at all, or whether you have permission to use your father’s car? This confusion can lead to misunderstandings, which is a bad thing. So, when in doubt, be specific!